stop bath การใช้

• Some variations don't require the stop bath.
• Stop bath accounts for the characteristic vinegar-like odor of the traditional darkroom.
• Low-odor stop baths use citric acid or sodium bisulfite in place of acetic acid.
• In modern automatic processing machines, the stop bath is replaced by mechanical squeegee or pinching rollers.
• Stop bath becomes exhausted when bases carried over from the developer cause the solution to become alkaline.
• Development of the print can be halted at any point in the process through the use of stop bath.
• Citric acid can be used as a lower-odor stop bath as part of the process for developing photographic film.
• But first the print is placed into the stop bath, which stops development and prevents the developer from contaminating the next bath : the fixer.
• Since organic developers only work in alkaline solutions, stop bath halts the development process almost instantly and thus provides more precise control of the development time.
• Where an immediate stop of development is desired, a stop bath will usually consist of some concentration of acetic acid, commonly around 1 to 2 %.
• The paper must be placed in a film developer bath, a stop bath, fixer, and finally the hypo-eliminator bath, in that order.
• In photographic processing, it can be used as an additive to acid stop baths to indicate that the bath has reached neutral pH and needs to be replaced.
• The paper that has been exposed is processed, first by immersion in a photographic developer, halting development with a stop bath, and fixing in a photographic fixer.
• It also cuts overall processing time, because the required immersion time in the stop bath & mdash; typically fifteen to thirty seconds & mdash; is much shorter than the time required for an adequate plain-water rinse.
• For " indicator stop bath "-a stop bath that changes colours to indicate when the stop bath is exhausted and no longer effective-a pH indicator like bromocresol purple is used to determine when the solution has become too alkaline to use.
• For " indicator stop bath "-a stop bath that changes colours to indicate when the stop bath is exhausted and no longer effective-a pH indicator like bromocresol purple is used to determine when the solution has become too alkaline to use.
• For " indicator stop bath "-a stop bath that changes colours to indicate when the stop bath is exhausted and no longer effective-a pH indicator like bromocresol purple is used to determine when the solution has become too alkaline to use.